What is GraphQL?
GraphQL is defined as an open-source data query and manipulation language for APIs that lets clients request exactly the data they need, and nothing more.
Detailed Architectural Context
GraphQL was created by Facebook to solve the inefficiencies of REST APIs. In REST, a developer might have to call multiple endpoints to build a single page, resulting in over-fetching or under-fetching data. GraphQL operates on a single endpoint, allowing the front-end client (such as a Next.js component) to submit a query defining the exact database fields required. This reduces payload sizes, speeds up mobile app rendering, and makes schema evolutions much easier.
Related Technical Terms
REST API
An architectural style for developing APIs that uses standard HTTP requests to GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE data over a network.
API Gateway
A server that acts as an entry point for APIs, routing requests, enforcing rate limits, managing security, and aggregating data from backend microservices.
Headless CMS
A content management system that handles back-end content creation and editing, exposing data via APIs without being bound to a specific front-end design.
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